Wednesday 7 January 2015

Volvo: economic news

16/12/14
Economic news: Volvo withdraws from global motor shows

In a shock marketing money-saving tactic, Volvo Sales and Marketing Vice President Alain Visser has revealed that Volvo will not be involved with any motor shows but Detroit, Geneva and Beijing.

Above: Scenes such as this will be few and far between for Volvo, as it opts out of all but three major motor shows.

Choosing instead to focus upon online marketing and social media, Volvo's withdrawal from all motor shows but the three most prominent in their main markets (USA, Europe and China) is an attempt to trim Volvo's marketing expenditure and focus upon the return gained from it. Volvo is also focusing upon a Volvo-only product day, like a miniature motor show, but exclusively by Volvo.

When asked the reason for withdrawing from some of the most notable and popular motoring events on the calendar, Visser suggested that less mainstream marketing techniques may be more effective. After the roaring trade done with the opening of the new XC90's order books, Visser may be on to something, and judging by Volvo's recent decisions, it is very much playing to its strengths in a period of persistent uncertainty.

Above: could this be the future of Volvo's product launches, as it withdraws from all but three major motor shows?

As a company which prides itself on reliability and design, the idea of presenting its own products to the world isn't quite so far removed from the practices of electronics giant, Apple. Being a brand firmly based in self-promotion rather than mass fanfare and trade shows, Apple has garnered huge success and popularity, in part thanks to its now iconic keynote presentations on its products, popularised by Steve Jobs. To say that Volvo is thinking along these lines may be a stretch, however it's not so farfetched to suggest that the same inspiration may have sparked inside the marketing structure of Volvo.

Image credit: Aljawad, Wikimedia.
                                                                                                                                                               

7/1/15
Economic news: Volvo announces most successful year in two decades

It's official: Geely's takeover of Volvo and its subsequent growth plans for the once ailing Swedish manufacturer are finally being realised. An increase of 26% year-on-year in the UK, along with 18 consecutive months of growing sales spells the end of a troubling time for Volvo. Global sales increased by 8.9%.

Above: the XC60 proved popular in China, and went on to become Volvo's bestselling car of the year.

The V40 and its variants proved to be the best-selling cars in the UK for Volvo, in spite of criticisms of its dynamics and handling. Volvo's foray into the Chinese market thanks to its parent company, Geely, meant that its best-selling car globally was the XC60. The launch of the new XC90 also means that the transition into the new year continues this wave of success. Volvo's growth plans to expand back into markets it was once familiar with are also looking more positive at this news, and their success means that this growth is likely to be exponential.

Above: The V40 was the UK's most popular Volvo, helping it achieve a 26% year-on-year increase in sales.

After Geely's 11billion injection into Volvo, economists were unsure of whether the previously fragile Volvo could pull through its near-fatal encounter with Ford's Premier Automotive Group, however, with numerous safety innovations and publicity, as well as the launch of two new segment-busting engines as well as a model with a fearsome reputation even before its debut, it could easily be argued that Volvo is very much on a roll.

Above: The new XC90 is expected to continue Volvo's good fortunes into 2015.


On Volvo's appeal over competitors, Media Relations Manager Martin Bayntun stated "Choosing a Volvo is a statement of quiet confidence – our customers don’t want to follow the crowd or shout about status/wealth, but they do demand a credible, premium experience. A modern Volvo caters to that demand with high quality and driver pleasure together with family friendly safety, design and technology built in." 

http://www.newspress.co.uk/ViewPressRelease.aspx?pr=55253

Interview material: original content obtained via email interview with M. Bayntun

Volvo: environmental news

9/10/14
Environmental news: Volvo's new 444bhp Drive-E powerplant

As part of its environmentally-aware campaign to downsize the engines used in its lineup, Volvo has created a small 2-litre, 4-cylinder Drive-E engine capable of producing a staggering 444bhp. This is not the typical headline you expect to see in an 'Environmental news' section.

The triple-boosted unit uses a complex system of two parallel turbochargers aided by an electric turbo-compressor, the result of which is an engine with huge output. In comparison to other power units with a similar output, it also has a relatively tiny displacement and increased efficiency, with fewer emissions and, most impressive of all, no turbo lag. This is thanks to the ingenious parallel turbochargers being spooled up by the electric turbo-compressor.

Above: the future is small - the petite but potent 444bhp triple-boosted Drive-E engine, revealed by Volvo this week. 

Dr. Peter Mertens, Senior Vice President for Research and Development at Volvo, was quick to point out that in spite of the powertrain's immediate benefits, other, less immediately obvious attributes of the engine would also contribute to the car's green credentials. This would be achieved through utilising the space saved by using this engine rather than a larger engine to add an electric motor, to make the car even more efficient and reduce emissions even further, or to simply save weight by using the lighter engine in place of, for example, the bulky V8 used in high-spec XC90 models. A smaller amount of resources is needed in the production process too, meaning production is greener and, importantly for all involved, cheaper.

The advent of small, high-output engines at Volvo will be hugely beneficial, as consumers will no longer have to sacrifice one for the other when choosing a car with either green appeal or sporting promise. Volvo's strict policy of downsizing engines was met with concern for the firm's Polestar performance models - concern which developments such as this will surely lay to rest, as Volvo strives to become the market leader in terms of efficiency and safety in its vehicles.

http://www.newspress.co.uk/ViewPressRelease.aspx?pr=53699
                                                                                                                                                               

11/12/14
Environmental news: Volvo reveals new turbocharged three-cylinder engine

They're at it again! In their attempts to rid their lineup of all engines larger than four-cylinder, Volvo have revealed their newest miniature engine - a turbocharged, three-cylinder unit which may see use in the 40 Series and 60 Series.

The 1.5-litre triple is another Drive-E powertrain, designed to be as efficient as possible in order to comply with Euro 7 emissions regulation, as well as Volvo's own personal goals at becoming a leaner, greener car, in terms of engine size. The real surprise is Volvo's announcement that the tiny triple is likely to power the S60, V60 and XC60 - the first time the XC60's segment will have seen an engine quite so small, but placing the S60 and V60 into direct competition with the upcoming BMW 3-Series facelift, which is set to play host to its own 3-pot powerplant. It's also the first time the premium hatch segment will see a three-cylinder model, with the V40.

Above: The XC60 is an unusually large vehicle to play host to such a small engine - testament to Volvo's downsizing efforts.

Not intended a high-performance unit like the 444bhp 4-cylinder engine announced earlier this year, Volvo aims for a CO2 output figure of around 95g/km, slotting neatly under the lowest band, for tax-free motoring. Once again, Volvo appears to be ahead of the curve when implementing green technologies and downsizing engine capacities across their range, despite not even nearly being market leaders in their segment.


Volvo: safety news

6/12/14
Safety news: New footage of Volvo's crash-test procedures

More footage of Volvo's rigorous crash testing facilities for its upcoming XC90 replacement has been released and uploaded to YouTube. The new clip, which demonstrates a 'run off road crash' into a ditch at 50mph, highlights the level of safety provided to occupants in the new XC90. See below for the newest clip.


The latest in a spate of videos released by Volvo of some of the numerous crash testing procedures undertaken by the safety-obsessed car brand, the latest clip comes some months after other videos emerged; demonstrating a 'front offset' collision at 40mph, another with a more in-depth look at the safety features employed by Volvo to ensure the highest safety standards are maintained in their cars, and another with a look at those safety features and technologies in action.






Video sources: TestDriven, YouTube.
Videos: 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=KqIZiASGa0g
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=TmIPnD_ucKg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=USgaZr0wo4U
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=pivr7ZKmnDI
                                                                                                                                                              

19/12/14
Safety news: Volvo innovates with helmet-based cyclist protection technology

Volvo's commitment to safety continues to bear fruits, this time protecting cyclists from collisions. The system, incorporated into a cyclist's helmet, communicates with another sensor inside the car, and warns both users of a potential collision.

The technology will be showcased at the Consumer Electronics Show in January, and was co-developed with telecoms company Ericsson. App-based location sensors track the cyclist's movement and Volvo's City Safety system monitors the location of the car in relation to the cyclist, and warns the driver and the cyclist if a collision is likely, as well as other road users. The system also lets the cyclist know when they are in the blind spot of the vehicle, to ensure vigilance at all times. The system could also be linked to Volvo's autonomous braking technology, to further prevent incidents at low speeds.

Above: this technology isn't a first for Volvo - a one-way cyclist detection system was announced in 2013.

Martin Bayntun, Media Relations Manager for Volvo, when asked about the importance of safety in Volvo, said that "Volvo continues to lead the way in developing safe cars – from autonomous driving technologies to exterior pedestrian airbags and cyclist detection technologies to name just a few. In fact, Volvo has publicly stated its vision that no-one should be killed or seriously injured in a new Volvo by the year 2020 – a bold claim that no other manufacturer has made."

Not only does this support the brand's ambitious safety vision, but extends it to other road users too, just as Volvo did in 1959, when it shared the technology behind the three-point seatbelt in order for road deaths to be reduced; arguably the event which changed the way the world looked at Volvo from that point onwards, to that of a pioneer of safety, regardless of profit.


Interview material: original content obtained via email interview with M. Bayntun 


Volvo: product news

6/12/14
Product news: Orders begin for 2015 Volvo XC90

Volvo has finally begun taking orders for the hotly anticipated new XC90. After twelve years in production, the time finally came to retire the old model, the replacement for which has already built up quite a reputation for itself.

With a limited run of 'First Edition' XC90s among the first cars to be sold, Volvo's flagship SUV has started strong - all 1927 examples of the 'First Edition' XC90 sold out in little under two days. At times, orders were nearing seven per minute; a promising start for Volvo's first all-new all-Volvo car since before the Ford takeover.

Spearheading Volvo's new design language, the XC90 (pictured) is driven exclusively by the brand's frugal Drive-E engines - cementing the notion that safety and efficiency are at the top of Volvo's list of priorities. This reestablishment of what Volvo does best is important for Volvo after the Swedish carmaker's values became somewhat diluted during its shaky start to the 21st century under Ford.

Volvo's Media Relations Manager, Martin Bayntun, marked this event as particularly important, as the XC90 is "a landmark car for Volvo and the first product launch in a new era for the company." Of particular note are the new XC90's "cutting edge plug-in hybrid drivetrains, innovative interior design and connectivity, pioneering safety technologies and a unique Swedish take on premium car design,"

First deliveries of the new XC90 are set to take place in May 2015.


















http://www.newspress.co.uk/ViewPressRelease.aspx?pr=54882
Interview material: original content obtained via email interview with M. Bayntun

                                                                                                                                                               


8/12/14
Product news: Volvo reveals innovative new XC90 with twin-engine technology

Volvo's main source of news is the XC90, and with good reason. The XC90 T8 is a plug-in hybrid of the already groundbreaking new Volvo SUV, with a petrol engine coupled with a small but potent electric motor. Lauding the new T8 as "the world's most powerful and cleanest 7-seat SUV" is a bold move, but Volvo's ground-up approach to creating the hybrid giant has ensured that the combination of both engines find their place in the XC90, as well as work together to provide a variety of power deliveries, with selectable all-wheel-drive to boot.

A 2-litre, 4-cylinder Drive-E turbo- and supercharged petrol engine sits at the front and provides 314bhp, while the 81bhp electric motor is located just above the rear axle. Transmission is Volvo's 8-speed automatic gearbox, with "special adaptations" for the T8 hybrid.

Above: packaging is important - the placement of Volvo's new twin-engine technology in the XC90 T8 hybrid.

Volvo claim the XC90 T8 delivers 395bhp and 640Nm of torque, powering the car from 0 to 62mph in one tenth under six seconds, with a tiny CO2 output of just 59g/km, although it's not clear on which driving mode this figure is attained. Power is delivered in a variety of different ways from the two engines, with the usual electric-only and hybrid modes seen on most petrol-electric motors, with a 'Power Mode' for added performance, in which the electric motor provides low-end grunt while the petrol motor gets up to speed, for smooth and consistent power delivery. See the video below for a demonstration.

Video source: MotoringView, YouTube.

This cutting-edge technology again is tangible evidence of Volvo's main ideologies. As mentioned previously as a 'safety news' story, the XC90 has been rigorously tested in crash situations, the footage of which has been released for public viewing. This stringent testing, coupled with the frugality, cleanness and potency of the T8 XC90 mark it out as a symbol of all that Volvo stands for in 2014 and beyond.

Above: green credentials - the XC90 will have a variety of power delivery options, including full-electric mode.

 http://www.newspress.co.uk/ViewPressRelease.aspx?pr=54889
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=Z76ETlXYuQc

Volvo: future

Volvo's future is nothing if not bright. Under new, refreshing management while retaining the management qualities of the independent Volvo which thrust them into greatness in the first place is pushing Volvo to the forefront of modern motoring.

Volvo's policy on downsizing engines is already in full swing, with its safety innovations carrying on as if the Ford debacle never even happened. A prototype turbocharged, three-cylinder engine is currently undergoing testing in the V40, but is likely to see placement in the S60 and V60 too, under its 'Drive-e' eco badging. A turbocharged four-cylinder engine is also set to feature in every model across the Volvo range, prompting concern from critics who anticipate that this may put customers off from buying higher-end Volvos, feeling that the product they are buying is not significantly different enough from lower-spec models to warrant the extra cost.





















Left: Coming soon - Volvo's teeny-tiny turbo triple. Right: Come and gone - the XC90 'First Edition' sold out in 47 hours.

This new engine lineup accompanies Volvo's long-term plan to introduce a nine-model lineup is entering fruition and sits on SPA (Scalable Product Architecture) modular underpinnings, marking another step away from its tumultuous last decade and Ford. This
is much the same system employed by Volkswagen in its ubiquitous MQB platform, and if Volvo can mimic the MQB's success with this platform, their plans for global growth will be fully and thoroughly realised. Another lineup change to expect is the arrival of a spate of coupé models. The three concepts featured on Volvo's glossy website all embody a different coupé variant; the Concept Estate - more akin to a three-door shooting brake than an estate; the Concept XC Coupe - Volvo's answer to the BMW X6; and the Concept Coupe - a handsome coupé which would fill the dormant boots of the C70.

This new, 9-model lineup, based around '40, 60, 90' nomenclature, with the existing system of 'S' badges for 'sedan' cars, 'V' badges for 'versatile' estates, and 'XC' for 'cross-country' models. This means a new flagship S90 sedan at the top of the Volvo lineup, with a V90 estate variant - a first for the segment which has notably always been devoid of estate cars. So perhaps the future for Volvo is to fire the starting pistol on the race to built estate cars in the luxury car segment - meaning we can expect cars such as the Audi A8 Avant, BMW 7-Series Touring and Mercedes-Benz E-Class Estate to shortly follow the V90. Couple this with the aforementioned coupé concepts, and it's easy to make out the shapely silhouettes of a C40, C60 and C90 on the horizon, providing Volvo's current plans for growth under Geely are accomplished.

Above: Coming soon? Volvo's lineup is lacking in coupés. Could the hugely popular Concept Estate be the answer?

Geely's ownership of Volvo is not without its skeptics. Industry critics fear that should Volvo not deliver upon the highly ambitious targets set for it, it could be unceremoniously dropped by Geely, such is the ruthless reputation of chairman of Zhejiang Holding Group Co, Li Shufu. Some publications even refer to Volvo's parent group as its "Chinese overlords". This is unfair though. Martin Bayntun, Volvo's Media Relations Manager, when asked for comment stated that "New ownership has brought independence, allowing us to move more quickly in the marketplace to meet customer needs, and introduce new technologies. With it has also come investment in next generation platforms and drivetrains, and new opportunities in the Chinese market - all of which will help us double global sales in the next decade."

What, then, can we expect from Volvo? After the cruel pruning of the C70 coupe/cabriolet and the charming C30 hatchback and the announcement and promise of the second-generation XC90, it's safe to say we can expect growth. And lots of it. More growth than a beanstalk in a grow-bag full of MiracleGro. It may still be finding its feet with some models dynamics-wise, but that hasn't stopped Volvo from bringing in 2015 with a whole bag of promise and anticipation. It's a fairly safe bet that before much longer that hallowed nine-model lineup will be upon us, and Volvo will be back to its former glory.

http://www.economist.com/news/business-and-finance/21615677-volvo
http://www.gizmag.com/volvo-scalable-product-architecture-spa-xc90/33377/
http://blog.caranddriver.com/swede-plan-bro-volvo-plans-new-compact-crossover-and-sedan-luxe-90-series-models/
http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewdepaula/2014/12/30/mighty-mite-new-three-cylinder-engine-has-big-role-in-volvos-future-with-v40-s60-s40/
http://autoweek.com/article/car-news/future-volvo
http://www.thecarconnection.com/news/1094175_volvo-high-mpg-three-cylinder-engine-headed-to-future-s60
http://www.volvocars.com/us/cars/concept-cars

Interview material: original content obtained via email interview with M. Bayntun

Volvo: strengths and weaknesses

As a brand which has become synonymous with safety, Volvo has had stiff competition due to the leap in safety standards of recent years. Where once, it was remarkable for a car to achieve a five-star NCAP rating, it's now a negative talking point when a car (particularly a premium sector car) achieves anything less than five stars.

So what do Volvo do best today? It can be argued that since this focus upon safety took hold of the industry, Volvo somewhat lost momentum, particularly after the dismantling of Ford's Premier Automotive Group. As mentioned previously, Volvo built a reputation for building cars that are solid and practical, but above all else, safe. Bolstered by seemingly continual safety inventions and the everlasting nature of models such as the 240 (pictured), its pursuit of safety continues into the present day. Rigorous crash testing of new models such as the XC90 and consistently high NCAP scores underlie its 'vision': "That no one will be seriously injured or killed in a new Volvo by 2020". Ford, wanting Volvo to chase more premium ideals, misguidedly abandoned this ethos in a move which proved near-fatal to Volvo.

Above: Volvo's safety policies were abandoned under Ford; and nearly spelled disaster for the safety-first Swedes

Nagging criticisms of Volvo's offerings can be narrowed down to fairly fundamental flaws; handling, ride and refinement are all consistent niggles across its range. An unsteady footing in the market can be blamed for this, as well as sheer standard of the competition already existing from the likes of Audi, BMW and Mercedes. Volvo is undeniably a left-field choice nowadays, in one of the most potently high-quality sectors of the industry.

Volvo's more conservative image is not helping with the brand's push into the mainstream of the premium car sector, with M-Sport, S-Line and AMG-Line badges adorning the sporting rump of the majority of its competitors' cars. Ventures such as the Polestar performance range somewhat liven up the essence of Volvo, from sleepy to sporty, a vital move for a carmaker which has never attempted a mainstream breakthrough.


Above: The V60 Polestar, an adrenaline shot to Volvo's heart, and the brand's take on BMW's world-beating M3 Touring.

Don't be fooled into thinking that Volvo is the new BMW and that M-Sport will soon be history, though. Volvo's synonymity with safety is still at the forefront of everything they do. This is all the more evident with Alain Visser (international Marketing Director for Volvo) recently declaring Volvo's intentions to retire from all forms of motorsport. Considering Volvo's past success with its legendary BTCC efforts, this is a momentous move, however with its shift towards smaller engines and efficiency, one which is not entirely out of place with Volvo's thoroughly 21st-Century ideals.

Perhaps one of Volvo's main strengths, however, is its personality. It has a certain Swedish charisma which is unrivalled by any of its staid German counterparts, and its crisp, fresh design only adds to this. Geely's decision since buying the company has been to let Volvo keep its Swedish identity, and play to its strengths through this; an insightful decision made by an allegedly rather ruthless and driven businessman who will stop at nothing to achieve his dream of becoming a major global player in the international car market.

Above: scenes such as these will be a thing of the past once Volvo implements its withdrawal from motorsport.

This realignment of brand values for Volvo marks a risky period in its life - and seemingly a trial-and-error approach doesn't instantly fill one with hope for their domination of the market, but incredibly promising models such as the new XC90 certainly very convincingly appear to hold the key to Volvo's bright future, in new and unexplored brand territories.

http://www.volvocars.com/intl/about/our-innovations/intellisafe
http://www.mbaskool.com/brandguide/automobiles/1505-volvo.html
http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-06-26/volvo-seeks-u-dot-s-dot-sales-revival-with-return-to-swedish-roots
http://www.wired.com/2014/10/volvo-turbo-engine-concept/

Volvo: image

Volvo's image has long been one of its major weaknesses. Imagery of geriatric antique dealers hauling sofas in slow, square, spiritless estate cars with tow bars and velour seating in abundance is conjured up at the mere mention of the name, let alone the archetypal 'antique dealer's' 240 Estate. It's an image that Volvo has always tried its best to shake, with numerous film appearances cleverly aimed at their target market, but never quite managed to shed itself of.

Having somewhat moved on from this (seemingly, the majority of antique dealer stigma died with the last of the boxy models), Volvo became synonymous with being the connoisseurs of safety. As mentioned in previous posts, Volvo never chased mainstream success; preferring to let sales trickle in towards its modest market share, rather than conquer and dominate like its bolshy German rivals. A devotion to durability is also a contributory factor to Volvo's petite market share; Gabrielson and Larson, the founders of Volvo, set about creating a car which was designed to deal with the harsh Swedish road and climate conditions, and the ethos stuck.

Above: in both build and safety features, Volvo is designed to withstand the harsh conditions of the Swedish climate.

Incredible model longevity such as the 19-year production run for the 200 Series and 12 years for the recently replaced first-gen XC90 (an absolute marathon for a car in today's market) help to drive this point. Remarkable (and somewhat famous thanks to Volvo's Heritage club for classics and high-milers) high-mileage Volvos worldwide, with upwards of one million miles clocked up over their lifetimes only serve to press the point completely.

Negative image niggles are more PR-based and circumstantial problems. One such example is the question over Volvo's ethics after it was reported that Volvo commercial vehicles were being used in the destruction of Palestinian villages. Another story broke about a series of fires on Volvo buses, which killed 53 people in India - hardly the epitome of safe passage. The fundamental flaw of these stories is the fact that they ignore both Volvo branches' ownership. Although they share a name and indeed some history, Volvo Cars has been independent of AB Volvo (the branch responsible for machinery, marine engines, buses, etc.) since Ford's takeover of Volvo in 2000. Although the connection by name is bound to drum up negative PR, especially when AB Volvo is associated with vehicular deaths and human rights breaches, in actuality the two companies are completely independent of one another.

Above:- Volvo Cars has had nothing to do with Volvo Construction Equipment since 2000. (image credit: inoneear, Flickr.)

The more niche market approach taken by Volvo allows it to do whatever it does best without fear of losing customers to brands with alternative values - sporting appeal or luxury, for example. Its apparent obsession with safety results in numerous safety innovations and inventions, even for those outside of the Volvo vehicle such as cyclists and pedestrians. But, it could be argued, that nobody else protects the occupants of their cars like Volvo. With their safety mission statement that "nobody will be killed or seriously injured in a new Volvo car" by 2020.

After their takeover by Ford, safety was put on the backburner, in pursuit of a more upmarket position in the industry. As part of Ford's Premier Automotive Group, Volvo was to be put up against the big three Germans of luxury carmaking - Audi, BMW and Mercedes-Benz. This proved near-fatal for Volvo, as Ford's rash abandonment of Volvo's lifelong safety ethos soon had rivals foaming at the mouth to point out that now Volvo wasn't the pioneer of safety, their cars had all the qualities you need. Sure enough, Volvo's market share dropped further, and Ford ditched Volvo at a huge loss in 2011. Today, safety is back on top of Volvo's list of priorities, and although critics may state that its Chinese owners are hardly familiar with crash safety, Volvo is paving the way for its long-awaited 21st-Century wave of success. This success, according to Martin Bayntun, is down to being the alternative player in the market: "Volvo’s Swedish identity and Scandiavian design are real assets in a market dominated by default German brands. For those seeking a premium car experience, but want something different, Volvo will offer a credible, desirable alternative."

Volvo XC90 Crash Test footage. Video credit: YouCar, youtube.


http://autoaction.com.au/volvo-boss-intends-pull-out-motorsport-asap/
https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/152776/360-view-technology-key-to-volvo-cars-goal-of-no-fatal-accidents-by-2020
http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/volvo/89850/volvo-unveils-life-saving-wearable-cycling-tech
http://www.volvocars.com/intl/about/our-company/sustainability
http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-06-26/volvo-seeks-u-dot-s-dot-sales-revival-with-return-to-swedish-roots
http://www.simonbattersby.com/blog/2009/04/volvos-in-films/
http://electronicintifada.net/content/volvo-symbol-safety-or-human-rights-abuses/7040

Interview material: original content obtained via email interview with M. Bayntun